Ensuring sustainable food production and higher agricultural productivity through increasing resilience and sustainability of the agricultural sector can be viewed as a no regret policy option, that does not only lead to improved sector performance and efficiency, but also has positive cross sector spillovers. The project aims to enhance national capacities in addressing resilience and sustainability of the agricultural sector, considering the major challenges facing the Arab region including water scarcity, prevailing conflicts and climate change. There are many direct and indirect factors that contribute to resilience and sustainability of agriculture, some of which are related to other sectors. The project will examine the role and impacts of; access to water for supplementary irrigation; access to data, research outputs and climate-smart agricultural innovations and technologies; access to finance at the small-scale farm level; and access to markets, on enhancing resilience and sustainability of agriculture.